Past Perfect Tense

A. Explanation of Past Perfect Tense
            "Before I came here" is an event that happened in the past (Past), then when we want to talk about events that happened before, "She had cleaned this floor.", We use Past Perfect Tense.
So Past Perfect Tense is a type of tenses that describe events or events that occurred before events in the past (Past) occurred. That is roughly what is called the Past Perfect Tense.

B. Past Perfect Tense Sentence Patterns
            In making Past Perfect Tense sentences, your friends can use two patterns, namely verbal sentence patterns and nominal sentence patterns. Friends can also make it in the form of positive, negative and introgative sentences in accordance with the sentence patterns listed below.

Verbal sentence patterns:
(+) s+had+v3
(-)  s+had+not+v3
(?) had+s+v3
Nominal sentence patterns:
(+) S + Had + Been + Adjective/Adverb/Noun
(-) S + Had + Not + Been + Adjective/Adverb/Noun
(?) Had + S + Been + Adjective/Adverb/Noun + ?

C. Form of Past Perfect Tense

             After you know the Past Perfect Tense sentence pattern, now it's time for your friends to learn to write the Past Perfect Tense sentence. Below, the author includes examples of verbal sentences and nominal sentences in the form of positive, negative and introgative. Let's see the example below.

Examples of Verbal Sentences Past Perfect Tense: 
(+) We had visited the zoo.
(-)  We had not visited the zoo.
(?) Had we visited the zoo?  
Example of Past Perfect Tense Nominal Sentences:
 (+) He had been in Jakarta for two months.
 (-) He had not been in Jakarta for two months.
 (?) Had he been in Jakarta for two months?

D. Past Perfect Tense function

            At the beginning of the explanation the author briefly explained the use of Past Perfect Tense. Yes ... in essence the Past Perfect Tense tenses are used to express actions that occurred in the past when other activities occurred. Quoting from one of the references of the grammar book written by Frank Marcella in his book "Modern English" (1972: 82-83) explains the use of Past Perfect Tense, including: 

-Past Perfect Tense reveals events in the past before other past events.
Exp: When Sarah arrived at the party. Paul had gone home. 
-Past Perfect Tense is used accompanied by a dependent clause that warns of other past events.
Exp:When Sarah arrived at the party. Paul had gone home. 
-past Perfect Tense is used in 3rd type conditional sentences. 
If I had known your number, I would have called you.

Hopefully the explanation about Past Perfect Tense above can be useful for all friends. The author is very open to criticism and suggestions for the progress of this blog and subsequent articles. thank you...

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