Present Continuous Tense or often also called Present Progressive is certainly no stranger to our ears. Present continuous Tense is Tenses that explain an event that is happening at the present time. Some Grammar experts also think about the same thing about what is the Continuous Tense Present. Raymond Murphy (2003: 2) for example, argues that the Present Continuous Tense
"I am doing something (Present Continuous Tense) = I am in the middle of doing something; I've started doing it and I haven't finished yet."
Meanwhile, according to Michael Swan (2005: 451) argues about the Present Continuous Tense that:
"We use the present progressive (Present Continuous Tense) to talk about temporary action and situations that are going on now or 'around now': before, during and after the the moment of speaking."
Bety Azhar (2002: 13) also believes almost the same as the two opinions above, that:
"The present progressive (Present Continuous Tense) expresses an activity that is in progress at the moment of speaking. It is a temporary activity that began in the past, is continuing at present, and will probably end at some point in the future."
B. Present Continuous Tense Formula
Below is a Present Continuous Tense formula for three types of sentences, namely positive sentences, positive sentences (Introgative Sentence), and negative sentences (Negative Sentence)
Positive (+)
S + To be + V-ing + O
Introgative (?)
To be + S + V-ing + O +?
Negative (-)
S + To be + Not + V-ing + O
*Information:
-S: Subject
-To be: The auxiliary verb for Present Tense is am / is / are. "Am" is used for "I". "Is" is used for "he / she / it". "Are" is used for "you / we / they".
-V-ing: Verbs that get the suffix "-ing", for example "Write" gets the suffix "-ing" to "Writing".
-O: Object
C. V-ing changes in the Present Continuous Tense
There are some V-ing changes to the Present Cotinuous Tense that we must pay attention to when we want to add the suffix "-ing" to Verb (verb).
1. For verbs ending in consonants which are preceded by vowels and read one to two syllables (pronunciation) such as cut, put, get, begin, occur etc., get the "-ing" end by multiplying letters the end of the verb.
| Cut | Cutting |
| Put | Putting |
| Get | Getting |
| Begin | Beginning |
| Occur | Occurring |
2. For verbs (Verb) ending in consonants which are preceded by two vowels such as speak, and read, get the "-ing" suffix by adding them as usual.
Speak-Speaking
Read-Reading
Dream-Dreaming
Rain-Raining
Fool-Fooling
3. For verbs (Verbs) ending in "-e", for example, serve, give, leave, emphasize, etc. get the suffix "-ing" by removing the "-e".
| Take | Taking |
| Give | Giving |
| Serve | Serving |
| Leave | Leaving |
| Emphasize | Emphasizing |
4. For verbs (Verb) ending in "-ie" for example lie, die, etc. get the suffix "-ing" by changing the suffix "-ie" to "-y".
| Die | Dying |
| Lie | Lying |
5. In addition to the 4 criteria above, all verbs (Verb) can be added suffix "-ing" with no changes.
| Tell | Telling |
| Ask | Asking |
| Study | Studying |
| Buy | Buying |
| Walk | Walking |
But not all verbs can be used in Present Continuous Tense, there are some verbs that are not commonly used in Present Continuous Tense. The verbs (Verb) are in the form of non-action verbs called Stative Verbs, such as:
Belive, hear, know, please, see, think, feel, like, dislike, love, prefer, smell, understand, hate, gues, mean, recogenize, suppose, want, have, imagine, need, remember, taste, wish.
D. Form of Present Continuous Tense
Affirmative : I am working.
| Question : Am I working? Negative : I am not working. E. Use of Present Continuous Tense If we pay attention together, the explanation from the three Grammar experts above actually we can already draw some understanding about the use of Present Continuous Tense. 1. Present Continuous Tense is used to show events that occur around now. This event began in the past, is still ongoing in the present and is likely to end in the future. Example: a. Andi is watching TV. b. I am reading a novel. c. They are playing football. *Information Genesis a, "Andi is watching Tv" (Andi is watching TV) is an incident that is happening around now. The incident has begun in the past, is still ongoing in the present and is likely to end in the future. The same applies for events b and c. 2. Present Continuous Tense is used to show events that occur in the period around now, such as today, this morning, this week, etc. Example: a. You are studying hard today. b. They are palying basketball this afternoon. c. Susan is working hard this week. *Information Genesis a, "You are working hard today" (you worked hard today) is an event that is happening in the current period. "Today" on this event is considered by the author to be a form of present time as well as "now" and "at this moment". Likewise for events b and c. 3. Present Continuous Tense is used to show events that will occur in the future (future). Example: a. What are you doing tomorrow evening? b. I am going to cinema tomorrow evening. c. Come and see us next week if you are passing my home. *Information Genesis a, "What are you doing tomorrow evening?" (What are you going to do tomorrow afternoon?) Is a Present Continuous Tense sentence but has the meaning of future. Likewise for events b and c. 4. Present Continuous Tense is used to show temporary events. Example: a. I am living with some friends until I find a flat. b. You are working hard today. c. I am eating a bar of chocolate. *Information A incident, "I am living with some friends until I find a flat" (I lived with several friends until I found a boarding house) is a temporary event. I do live with a few friends now, but after finding a rented house I will move. So when I lived with a few friends it was only temporary. Likewise for events b and c. 5. Present Convictual Tense is used to show events that are very often done but not a habit. In the present Continuous Tense sentence usually add "Alaways" in it. Example: a. I have lost my key again. I am always losing my key. b. Andi is always comlaining. c. They are always wathching movie. *Information A incident, "I have lost my key again. I am always losing my key." (I have lost my key again. I have lost my key very often.) Is a very common occurrence but not a habit. Because if the incident is a habit, then the Continuous Tense Present is not appropriate to use the sentence, Simple Present Tense is the most appropriate. Likewise for events b and c. |
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